Episode 202

200. That's One Cell of a Machine: Jason Kelly of Gingko Automates Labs to Accelerate Discovery

· 1:28:38 · Host: Karl Schmieder & Erum Azeez

For the 200th episode of Grow Everything, Karl Schmieder and Erum Azeez Khan talk with Jason Kelly, co-founder and CEO of Ginkgo Bioworks and former chair of the US National Security Commission on Emerging Biotechnology, about why biology is still so hard to engineer. Jason explains why a cell is…

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Chapters

  1. 00:00:00 — A cell is a machine that can do a million other things
  2. 00:07:00 — AI data centers, contamination, and the waste to value opportunity
  3. 00:14:00 — Biosecurity, guardrails, and who is accountable for AI in biology
  4. 00:21:00 — Ginkgo's mission: programming a computer you did not design
  5. 00:28:00 — Why Ginkgo reset its business model from royalties to tools and data
  6. 00:34:00 — Subway, car, Waymo: what an autonomous lab actually means
  7. 00:41:00 — Inside Nebula: 105 robots, 24/7 lab work, and autonomous labs for MIT and Caltech
  8. 00:47:00 — The end of experimental scarcity and what scientists do next
  9. 00:54:00 — Offshoring biotech to China and the policy fix Jason wants
  10. 01:01:00 — Simulating cells, Moore's law for biology, and the markets beyond pharma

Show notes

For the 200th episode of Grow Everything, Karl Schmieder and Erum Azeez Khan talk with Jason Kelly, co-founder and CEO of Ginkgo Bioworks and former chair of the US National Security Commission on Emerging Biotechnology, about why biology is still so hard to engineer. Jason explains why a cell is the only coded substrate we have besides a computer, why the real bottleneck is tooling rather than ideas, and why Ginkgo moved from royalty based research partnerships to selling robotic hardware and lab data as a service. Using a subway, car and Waymo analogy, he separates automation from autonomy and makes the case for replacing the manual lab bench, which eats roughly 97 percent of research spending while running 40 hours out of 168. He walks through Ginkgo's Boston system of 105 robots running 24/7, new autonomous labs for MIT, Caltech, Northwestern and the University of Maryland, and the OpenAI project where GPT-5 ran 30,000 experiments a week and beat state of the art in cell free protein synthesis by 40 percent. He also lays out the policy stakes as drug discovery shifts to China, and why the day biology becomes predictably easier to engineer, biotech gets bigger than tech.

Grow Everything brings the bioeconomy to life. Hosts Karl Schmieder and Erum Azeez Khan share stories and speak with the leaders and innovators using biology to change the world. Biology is the world’s oldest technology, and it can be engineered. So, what are we growing?

Learn more at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.messaginglab.com/groweverything⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

Chapters:

  • (00:00:00) A cell is a machine that can do a million other things
  • (00:07:00) AI data centers, contamination, and the waste to value opportunity
  • (00:14:00) Biosecurity, guardrails, and who is accountable for AI in biology
  • (00:21:00) Ginkgo's mission: programming a computer you did not design
  • (00:28:00) Why Ginkgo reset its business model from royalties to tools and data
  • (00:34:00) Subway, car, Waymo: what an autonomous lab actually means
  • (00:41:00) Inside Nebula: 105 robots, 24/7 lab work, and autonomous labs for MIT and Caltech
  • (00:47:00) The end of experimental scarcity and what scientists do next
  • (00:54:00) Offshoring biotech to China and the policy fix Jason wants
  • (01:01:00) Simulating cells, Moore's law for biology, and the markets beyond pharma

Links and Resources:

Topics Covered:

autonomous labs, laboratory robotics, AI in biotechnology, synthetic biology, bioengineering, biological automation, data as a service, biotech infrastructure, cell engineering, programmable biology

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Music by: Nihilore 

Production by: Amplafy Media

About Grow Everything

Grow Everything reveals the world of biology as technology. Hosts Erum Azeez Khan and Karl Schmieder talk with the founders, scientists, and executives biologizing entire industries — biomaterials from waste, precision fermentation, cultivated food — and unpack how the bioeconomy is solving health and climate challenges. Winner of SynBioBeta's 2026 Impact Award.

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